LSAT Explanation PT 24, S2, Q20: Anthropological studies indicate that distinct cultures

LSAT Question Stem

Each of the following, if true, would weaken the argument EXCEPT: 

Logical Reasoning Question Type

This is a Weaken question. 

Correct Answer

The correct answer to this question is B. 

LSAT Question Complete Explanation

In the passage, the argument states that anthropological studies show that distinct cultures have different moral codes. Based on this premise, the author concludes that as long as there are distinct cultures, there are no values shared across cultures. The structure of the argument is as follows:

Premise: Distinct cultures differ in their moral codes (based on anthropological studies).

Conclusion: As long as there are distinct cultures, there are no values shared across cultures.

To help you understand this argument, consider the example of two different sports teams. If each team has its own unique strategies and tactics, one might conclude that there are no common strategies shared between the two teams.

The question type is a Weaken question, asking us to identify the answer choice that does NOT weaken the argument. In other words, we're looking for an answer that either strengthens the argument or has no impact on it.

Before discussing the answer choices, let's come up with an "Evaluate" question about the argument: "Do the differences in moral codes necessarily mean that there are no shared values across cultures?"

Now let's analyze the answer choices:

a) If anthropologists rely on inadequate translation techniques, it casts doubt on the accuracy of their findings regarding the values of different cultures. This weakens the argument by questioning the premise.

b) The correct answer. This statement talks about a future scenario where everyone shares the same culture and values. However, the argument is about the current situation where distinct cultures exist. Therefore, this statement does not weaken the argument as it doesn't address the current situation.

c) If there are general moral principles common to all cultures, it contradicts the conclusion that there are no shared values across cultures. This weakens the argument.

d) If the anthropologists were biased in favor of finding differences, it suggests that their findings might not accurately represent the similarities between cultures. This weakens the argument by questioning the premise.

e) If the apparent differences in values are just differences in beliefs about how to live in accordance with shared values, it means that there are indeed shared values across cultures. This weakens the argument by undermining the conclusion.

In summary, the correct answer is B, as it does not weaken the argument. It talks about a future scenario where everyone shares the same culture and values, but the argument is about the current situation where distinct cultures exist. Therefore, this statement does not impact the argument.